Unlike the relatively complex MPU-6050 module that measures precise angles, a simple mechanical tilt sensor offers a basic way to detect just a change in orientation, working on plain on/off logic with no analog reading or calibration at all.
Components needed
An Arduino Uno board, a mechanical tilt sensor, an LED, an optional buzzer for an audible alert, and a 220-ohm resistor.
Wiring it up
The tilt sensor connects to digital pin 2 with the internal pull-up resistor enabled, and the LED connects to digital pin 13 through a 220-ohm resistor.
How it works
Inside, this sensor has a small metal ball free to move within a tube: in an upright position, the ball touches the internal contact terminals and closes the circuit, and as soon as the sensor is tilted away from that position, the ball rolls away and opens the circuit. This makes the sensor a purely binary switch with no analog reading or digital calibration needed, unlike an accelerometer. The code continuously reads the digital pin's state: when it detects tilt (a LOW reading, due to the pull-up resistor), the LED lights up, and in the normal upright position, the LED stays off. This simplicity makes it well suited to simple game applications or robot sensors that only need to know "has the object tipped over or not?" without fine detail on the tilt angle.
You can find mechanical tilt sensors at Juthour Tech.
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